Readings

Required Readings

Levy, Paul R. "Paying for the Public Life."  Economic Development Quarterly, 15 (2001): 124 - 131.

Mitchell, Jerry. "Business Improvement Districts and the 'New' Revitalization of Downtown." Economic Development Quarterly. 15 (2001): 115 - 123.

Garodnick, Daniel. "What's the BID Deal? Can the Grand Central Business Improvement District Serve A Special Limited Purpose?." University of Pennsylvania Law Review. 148 (2000): 1733 - 1737.

Readings on Reserve

Houstoun, Lawrence O., Business Improvement Districts.  Washington, D.C.: Urban Land Institute, 1997, 5-19.

Rogowsky, Edward and Jill Simone Gross. "Managing Development in New York City: The Case of Business Improvement Districts." In Managing Capital Resources for Central City Revitalization. New York: Garland Publishing, 1999, 81 - 87.

Briffault, Richard.  "A Government for Our Time?  Business Improvement Districts and Urban Governance."  Columbia Law Review (1999): 366 - 425.

Donald, Betsy. "The Permeable City: Toronto's Spatial Shift at the Turn of the Millennium." In The Professional Geographer (2002): 190 - 2003.

Houstoun, Lawrence O. "BIDs at Home and Abroad." Urban Land (2002): 42-47.

Mitchell, Jerrry.  Business Improvement Districts and Innovative Service Delivery. New York: The PricewaterhouseCoopers Endowment for the Business of Government, 1999.

Pennsylvania State Enabling Legislation; House Bill No. 2858 and No. 1142

Birch, Eugenie L. (2002). "Having a Longer View on Downtown Living." Journal of the  American Planning Association 68 (2002): 1-27.

Levy, Paul.  "Making Downtowns Competitive." Journal of the American Planning Association. 4 (2001): 16-19.*

Houstoun, Lawrence O., Business Improvement Districts.  Washington, D.C.: Urban Land Institute, 1997, 20 -149.

Municipality Authorities Act of 1945 (Pennsylvania - original legislation)

New Jersey State Enabling Legislation

Bremner, Lindsay, "Reinventing the Johannesburg Inner City." Cities, (2000): 187-302.

Gauteng Provincial City Improvement Bill 1997

Spinks, Charlotte. "A New Apartheid? Urban Spatiality, (fear of ) Crime, and Segregation in Cape Town, South Africa." London School of Economics and Political Science, (2001): 3 - 32.

Tomlinson, "From Exclusion to Inclusion: Rethinking Johannesburg's Central City." Environment and Planning A, 31 (1999): 1665-1678.

Wirth, Louis.  "Urbanism as a Way of Life."  American Journal of Sociology (July 1938): 1-24.

Silverman, Eli B. and Jo-Ann Della-Giustina. "Urban Policing and the Fear of Crime." Urban Studies, 38 (2001):  941 - 957.

Jacobs, Jane.  The Death and Life of Great American Cities.  New York: Vintage Books, 1961. (Chapter 2)

Wilson, James Q., and George L. Kelling, "Police and Neighborhood Safety: Broken Windows." Atlantic Monthly (March 1982): 29-38.*

Cleanup spurs revitalization. Source: American City & County (November 1995).

BID districts revitalize New York neighborhoods. American City & County (May 1998).

Hoyt, L. (2003). "Using a Policy Network Lens to Examine the Emergence, Success and Implications of Business  Improvement District Organizations." In Draft. (http://www.urbanrevitalization.net) 

Traub, James. "Can Associations of Businesses Be True Community-builders?" Responsive Community (1996) 29 -38.

Lavery, Kevin. "Privatization By the Back Door: The Rise of Private Government in the United States." Public Money and Management (1995) 49-53.

Segal, M. Bradley.  "A New Generation of Downtown Management Organizations." In Urban Land, April 1998.

Hampian, Ken. "Bridging the Gap Between City Hall and the Downtown." In Public Management, October 1994.

Garodnick, Daniel. "What's the BID Deal? Can the Grand Central Business Improvement District Serve A Special Limited Purpose?." University of Pennsylvania Law Review. 148 (2000): 1767 - 1770.

Levy, Paul R.  "Paying for the Public Life."  Economic Development Quarterly, 15 (2001): 129 - 131.
 
Hudson, Kari. "Special District Governments: Examining the Questions of Control." American City & County,  111 (1996): 54 - 71.

Hoyt, L. (2003). "Collecting Private Funds for Safer Public Spaces: An Empirical Examination of the Business Improvement District Concept." Under Review. (http://www.urbanrevitalization.net)

Turner, Robyne S. "The Politics of Design and Development in the PostModern Downtown." Journal of Urban Affairs, 24 (2002): 533 - 548.

What is Town Centre Management?, Published by the Association of Town Centre Management
Town Centre Management Indicators, Published by the Association of Town Centre Management
Autumn Conference 2001, Published by the Association of Town Centre Management
Spring Conference 2002, Published by the Association of Town Centre Management

Oc, T. and S. Tiesdell. "City Centre Management and Safer City Centres: Approaches in Coventry and Nottingham." Cities, 15 (1998): 85 - 103.

Cybriwsky, Roman. "Changing Patterns of Urban Public Space: Observations and Assessments from the Tokyo and New York Metropolitan Areas." Cities,16 (1999):223 - 231.